The concept of "Theory X and Theory Y" is associated with which theorist?

The concept of "Theory X and Theory Y" is associated with Douglas McGregor, who introduced these theories in his work on management styles and employee motivation. Theory X posits that employees are inherently lazy, need to be closely supervised, and require external motivation to perform their tasks. In contrast, Theory Y suggests that employees are self-motivated, seek responsibility, and can be creative in solving problems if they are engaged and provided with a supportive environment.

McGregor's theories emphasize the importance of managers' assumptions about their employees' motivations and behaviors, ultimately impacting organizational culture and employee engagement. By understanding these theories, managers can adapt their leadership styles to better meet the needs of their workforce, thereby enhancing productivity and job satisfaction.

While Drucker, Herzberg, and Mintzberg contributed significantly to management theory and practice, their focuses were on different aspects such as management effectiveness, motivation based on needs, and organizational structures respectively, rather than the specific employee motivation theories proposed by McGregor.